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15. Loans, advances and other receivables – continued

Credit institutions and central banks
Of the remaining credit exposure, DKK 9.9 billion relates to amounts due from central banks. No impairment losses have been recognised on amounts due from central banks. In respect of the DKK 5 million due from credit institutions, the estimated impairment loss is less than DKK 1 million.
Loans and advances at amortised cost and guarantees
The remaining part of the credit exposure relates to the Group’s lending activities. In the following table, loans and guarantees, excluding claims against estates in bankruptcy, are broken down by line of business.
Group

Parent company
(DKKm)
2022
2021
2022
2021
Loans and guarantees (gross)
2. Commercial sector
2.1 Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing
10
2%
13
2%
4
1%
5
1%
2.3 Energy supply
30
6%
58
8%
31
12%
58
15%
2.4 Construction
2
0%
3
0%
0
0%
0
0%
2.5 Trade
1
0%
2
0%
1
0%
2
0%
2.8 Finance and insurance
80
16%
236
33%
69
26%
149
38%
2.9 Property
81
16%
89
12%
49
19%
53
13%
2.10 Other commercial sector
4
1%
5
1%
2
1%
2
1%
Total commercial sector
208
43%
406
56%
156
59%
269
68%
3. Retail sector
282
57%
313
44%
106
41%
124
32%
Total
490
100%
719
100%
262
100%
393
100%
The distributional percentages in the totals may include rounding differences.
Loans and advances at amortised cost are initially recognised at fair value. On takeover of existing loans and advances, any difference between amortised cost and fair value will be amortised over time. Consequently, loans and advances before impairment losses for exposures not resolved will increase.
Lending is concentrated around lending to the retail sector. The lending activity is largely limited to Danish customers.
As mentioned in the accounting policies, the remaining loans and guarantees are considered to be credit-impaired on acquisition and consequently to be stage 3 customers/facilities. The customers are thus considered either to be in financial difficulty or to be subject to debt collection or bankruptcy proceedings.
On the vast majority of the Group’s loans, interest accrual has been suspended, see overleaf.